Glass containers began to appear in the Han Dynasty. For example, a glass plate with a diameter of more than 19 cm and a glass ear cup with a length of 13.5 cm and a width of 10.6 cm were unearthed from the tomb of Liu Sheng in Mancheng, Hebei. In the Han Dynasty, the transportation between China and the West was developed, and glass from other regions would be introduced to China. Three pieces of purple and white glass fragments were unearthed in an Eastern Han tomb in Qiongjiang County, Jiangsu Province. , the shape of the vessel and the technique of stirring tires are all typical Roman glassware, which is the physical evidence that Western glass was introduced into China. In addition, blue flat glass plaques have also been unearthed from the Nanyue King Tomb in Guangzhou, which is not seen in other places in China.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, a large number of Western glassware were imported into China, and the technique of glass blowing was also introduced. Due to the innovative changes in composition and technology, the glass container at this time was larger, the wall was thinner, and it was transparent and smooth. Glass convex lenses have also been unearthed in the clan tomb of Cao Cao in Bo County, Anhui Province; glass bottles have been unearthed from the base of the Northern Wei Pagoda in Ding County, Hebei Province; and many ground glass cups have also been unearthed from the Jin tomb in Xiangshan, Nanjing, Jiangsu. The most wonderful is the glassware unearthed from the tomb of Li Jingxun in the Sui Dynasty in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. There are 8 pieces in total, including flat bottles, round bottles, boxes, egg-shaped vessels, tube-shaped vessels and cups, all intact.
In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the shape of glass objects increased. In addition to ornaments such as pipes and beads, bi-shaped objects, sword pipes, sword horns, sword horns, etc. were also found; glass seals were also unearthed in Sichuan and Hunan. At this time, the glassware was relatively pure, with white, light green, milky yellow and blue colors. Some glass beads were also colored into dragonfly eyes. For example, seventy-three dragonfly eyes were unearthed from the tomb of Zenghou Yi, Suixian County, Hubei Type glass beads, each about one centimeter in diameter, with white and brown glass patterns engraved on the blue glass sphere. The academic community has analyzed the composition of glass beads and glass walls in the middle and late Warring States period, and found that most of these glassware are composed of lead oxide and barium oxide, which are not the same as those of ancient glass in Europe, West Asia, and North Africa. Therefore, the academic community believes that they may be Made in China.
